Lorena Pavez
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Lorena Pavez Vera: «TV o no TV»

Por Fernando Andrés Schifferli Salazar / 29 de abril de 2021

Cómo la agenda televisiva sobre el Covid-19 incide en el aumento de los problemas de salud mental.

Desde que se dio a conocer el Covid-19 por los medios de comunicación masiva, en Estados Unidos de América (USA) los índices de ansiedad y depresión han aumentado tres y cuatro veces más, respectivamente. En Chile, esta situación no dista mucho de la del país del norte. Es más, antes de iniciada la pandemia, nuestro país mostraba un complejo escenario en relación a la salud mental, ya que existían un número creciente de diagnósticos de depresión y de estrés. Eso sin contar los altos índices de consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias ilícitas, lo que también ha elevado y/o potenciado los trastornos depresivos en la población adolescente y de adultos jóvenes. Con las graves consecuencias que ello implica.

En aquel escenario, llega la pandemia por un nuevo virus: el Covid-19. Propiciando un incremento en los indicadores ya mencionados; sumándose, además, un alto número de casos de trastornos ansiosos. En este sentido, una investigación realizada en USA, estudió los efectos psicológicos en 1.500 personas; las cuales experimentaron crisis psicológicas por la masificación de mensajes casi apocalípticos sobre el Covid-19 (vista como una situación de crisis), dando como resultado que aquellas personas expuestas permanentemente a información o noticias acerca de la pandemia, tenían un elevado índice de desarrollar patologías psicológicas y/o psiquiátricas.

¿Cómo se entiende esta asociación directamente proporcional entre ver televisión y, particularmente, entre ver los noticiarios y el aumento de problemas de salud mental por Covid-19?
Lo más probable es que sea debido a que los distintos canales de televisión abierta lanzan permanentemente parrillas programáticas que, de manera sensacionalista, se dedican a bombardear con datos alarmantes (muchos de ellos de dudosa fuente), mediante distintas herramientas: imágenes de hospitales atiborrados de enfermos, de pacientes conectados a diversas máquinas, de sonidos de ambulancias yendo y viniendo raudamente de los hospitales, de personas sufriendo fuera de dichos establecimientos y, para cerrar el cuadro, entrevistas a los familiares de algún famoso fenecido, que están en pleno duelo por una eventual causa relacionada con el coronavirus. Esta abrumadora avalancha de morbosidad, no produce otra cosa más que propender (está la opción de rechazar) a adquirir y/o potenciar alguna de las numerosas patologías mentales. Si bien es cierto, que es importante mantenerse informado, hay que considerar la cantidad y/o calidad de canales de televisión que está viendo, junto con estar muy atentos para evaluar cuándo nos está afectando. Por ejemplo, si nota que se siente más ansioso, preocupado, agobiado, o con dificultades para conciliar el sueño; quizás sean señales de que usted ha sido expuesto a demasiados mensajes innecesarios, impertinentes, exagerados o alarmantes sobre el Covid-19.
Sin embargo, existen opciones a la hora de buscar soluciones para esta situación: descansar de las noticias, leer libros o textos de distinto contenido, o realizar otras labores domésticas que sean de nuestro agrado; es decir, mantener una buena higiene mental.

Los distintos canales de televisión abierta lanzan permanentemente parrillas programáticas que, de manera sensacionalista, se dedican a bombardear con datos alarmantes.

Por: Lorena Pavez Vera. Psicóloga Integrativa.
lorpavez@hotmail.com

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